Scotland

Scotland's history spans centuries of cultural and political evolution. Initially inhabited by the Picts and Celts, it later formed a unified kingdom in the 9th century. Scotland fought fiercely for its independence during the 13th and 14th centuries, with leaders like William Wallace and Robert the Bruce playing central roles. In 1603, Scotland and England were united under one monarch, and in 1707, they were formally merged through the Act of Union. Despite this, Scotland has preserved its unique identity, influencing global culture and thought, particularly during the Enlightenment.